Problems and Prospects of Improving the Automatic Control and Regulation Systems of the Thermal Power Plants

Abstract

The paper considers problems and prospects for further improvement of the thermal power plants automatic control and regulation systems. It shows that most of such installations are equipped with the piston internal combustion engines. The paper notes that the highest installation efficiency is achieved, when they are equipped with automatic control and regulation systems. These systems ensure multi-mode operation of the thermal power plants for transport purposes, their adaptation to the altering operation conditions and the required quality of the regulation process. The control and regulation systems role is shown in improving the engine power and dynamic performance, its fuel efficiency and exhaust gases toxicity. It is indicated that the engine ecological performance is becoming a priority. Main ecological indicators are emissions of the standardized toxic components of the engine exhaust gases including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, unburned hydro-carbons and particulate matter. The urgent task lies in reducing the carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere and transition to the carbon-neutral energy. Effectiveness of using the various alternative fuels is noted in achieving required values of the exhaust gas toxicity indicators. Natural gas, hydrogen and biofuels are considered as the most promising alternative fuels

The paper was based on materials of the reports of the All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference n.a. Professor V.I. Krutov (01.02.2023)

Please cite this article in English as:

Markov V.A. Problems and prospects of improving the automatic control and regulation systems of the thermal power plants. Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Series Mechanical Engineering, 2024, no. 1 (148), pp. 128--155 (in Russ.). EDN: HKCYSS

References

[1] Arkharov A.M., Afanasyev V.N. Teplotekhnika [Heat engineering]. Moscow, BMSTU Publ., 2018.

[2] Lukanin V.N. Teplotekhnika [Heat engineering]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 2006.

[3] Goldobin Yu.M., Pavlyuk E.Yu. Avtomatizatsiya teploenergeticheskikh ustanovok [Automation of thermal power plants]. Ekaterinburg, UrFU Publ., 2017.

[4] Lipatnikov G.A., Guzeev M.S. Avtomaticheskoe regulirovanie obektov teploenergetiki [Automatic regulation of heat power facilities]. Vladivostok, DVSTU Publ., 2007.

[5] Nazarov V.I., Kravchenko V.V. Avtomatizirovannye sistemy regulirovaniya teplovykh protsessov osnovnogo oborudovaniya TES i AES [Automated systems for regulating thermal processes of the main equipment of thermal power plants and nuclear power plants]. Minsk, Vysheyshaya shkola Publ., 2022.

[6] Kulakov G.T. Teoriya avtomaticheskogo upravleniya teploenergeticheskimi protsessami [Theory of automatic control of thermal power processes]. Minsk, Vysheyshaya shkola Publ., 2017.

[7] Zuev K.I. Avtomatizatsiya i upravlenie sistemami teplogazosnabzheniya i ventilyatsii [Automation and control of heat and gas supply and ventilation systems]. Vladimir, VlSU Publ., 2019.

[8] Markov V.A., Shatrov V.I. Automatic control systems for heat and power installations and ways to improve them. Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Series Mechanical Engineering, 2016, no. 5 (110), pp. 96--116 (in Russ.). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2016-5-96-116

[9] Belousov V.N., Smorodin S.N., Tsimbal V.D. Toplivo i protsessy goreniya v teploenergeticheskikh ustanovkakh. Ch. 1 [Fuel and combustion processes in thermal power plants. Part 1]. St. Petersburg, VShTE SPbSUPTD Publ., 2020.

[10] Prokopenya I.N. Ekologiya teploenergeticheskikh system [Ecology of thermal power systems]. Minsk, BNTU, 2020.

[11] Novikov L.A. Existing and forward-looking technologies to reduce diesel engine toxicity. Dvigatelestroenie, 2005, no. 4, pp. 8--15 (in Russ.).

[12] Devyanin S.N., Markov V.A., Savastenko A.A., et al. Problems of electrification of motor transport in Russia. Dvigatelestroenie, 2022, no. 1, pp. 21--31 (in Russ.).

[13] Chislo zaregistrirovannykh elektromobiley v Rossii prevysilo 20 tysyach [Number of registered electric vehicles in Russia has exceeded 20 thousand]. autostat.ru: website (in Russ.). Available at: https://www.autostat.ru/news/54027 (accessed: 22.05.2023).

[14] Karamyan O.Yu., Chebanov K.A., Solovyeva Zh.A. Electric vehicles and its development prospects. Fundamentalnye issledovaniya [Fundamental Research], 2015, no. 12, iss. 4, pp. 693--696 (in Russ.).

[15] Kozlovskiy V.N., Zayatrov A.V., Vasilyev M.M., et al. Stages, problems and prospects for the development of electric vehicles and hybrids. Avtogazozapravochnyy kompleks + alternativnoe toplivo [Autogas Filling Complex + Alternative Fuel], 2020, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 143--149 (in Russ.).

[16] Bogatyrev A.V., Lekhter V.R. Traktory i avtomobili [Tractors and cars]. Moscow, Infra-M Publ., 2020.

[17] Rodichev V.A. Traktory [Tractors]. Moscow, ProfObrIzdat Publ., 2001.

[18] Sizykh V.A. Sudovye energeticheskie ustanovki [Marine power plants]. Moscow, TransLit Publ., 2006.

[19] Bespalov V.I., Kolyvanov V.V. Sudovye energeticheskie ustanovki [Marine power plants]. Nizhniy Novgorod, VSAVT Publ., 2012.

[20] Kossov E.E., Shapran E.N., Furman V.V. Sovershenstvovanie rezhimov raboty silovykh energeticheskikh sistem teplovozov [Improving operating modes of power systems for locomotives]. Lugansk, VNU im. V. Dalya Publ., 2006.

[21] Konkov A.Yu. Teplovoznye dizeli: ustroystvo i osnovy rabochikh protsessov [Diesel locomotives: design and fundamentals of work processes]. Khabarovsk, DVSUPS Publ., 2018.

[22] Gordin M.V., Finkelberg L.A., Semenov P.V. Development prospects of aircraft piston engine-building in Russia. Aviatsionnye dvigateli [Aviation Engines], 2020, no. 1, pp. 7--14 (in Russ.).

[23] Kuznetsov G.A. Bespilotnye letatelnye apparaty s porshnevymi dvigatelyami. Komponovka i konstruktsiya [Unmanned aerial vehicles with piston engines. Layout and design]. Moscow, Sputnik+ Publ., 2010.

[24] Aleksandrov A.A., Ivashchenko N.A., eds. Mashinostroenie. Entsiklopediya. T. IV. Dvigateli vnutrennego sgoraniya [Mechanical engineering. Encyclopedia. Vol. IV. Internal combustion engines]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 2013.

[25] Shatrov M.G., red. Avtomobilnye dvigateli. [Carengine Engines] Moscow, Akademiya Publ., 2013.

[26] Gayvoronskiy A.I., Gordin M.V., Markov V.A. Problems and prospects of using carbon-free and low-carbon motor fuels in various scenarios of transition to carbon-neutral energy. Dvigatelestroenie, 2022, no. 2, pp. 4--28 (in Russ.).

[27] Melnik G.V. Clean air technologies and alternative fuels for transport diesel engines. Dvigatelestroenie, 2011, no. 3, pp. 42--54 (in Russ.).